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Buddhism

Buddhism pretends not to be a religion, but a philosophy, since no God is worshipped and one seeks "Nirvana" (*). It is a bit of both, as all binding organizations can be. And one worships Buddha there all the same! From my point of view, the fact that its followers live only on alms, voluntary of course, but firmly solicited according to what I think I understood, would classify the community in religions? in any case, we have never seen philosophers' gatherings begging for money. Finally, I open the debate. I'll open the debate.
(*) Nirvana (Pali: nibbana, nibbana) is the goal of the Buddhist path. The literal meaning of the term is "to blow" or "to extinguish". Nirvana is the ultimate spiritual goal of Buddhism and marks the soteriological liberation of the rebirths of sa?sara. (according to https://fr.qwe.wiki/wiki/Nirvana_(Buddhism) Nirvana is therefore not a kind of Paradise or bliss, as popular knowledge suggests, but once reached (the extinction of the three fires, relating to the three poisons of humanity), it puts an end to the cycle of rebirth to which all believers are subject.
A dreaded cycle since we do not know how we will reappear.
However, the path is long and difficult and one does not know those who have reached it, except the Buddha himself . The temple of Borobudur, which I visited, is supposed to represent the difficulty by the ascent of its levels, all decorated with significant sculptures.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) Buddhism.

364 million people in the world.
Is not completely regarded as a religion, but as a philosophy.
Because there is no God represented, nor disciples they had been heard the God, even if the spirit of God can be present.
The moral approach is however shared with the majority of the religions, including the Polynesian belief with its taboos (and its re-incarnations,  particurarly in sharks); life in society, hygiene of life (including food), are more or less evoked. Of all og them, Buddhism is the most spiritual, based on four truths whose first stresses that all is sorrow and pain in this world; 		“The pain is a reality" - "one can escape from it" - "there is a way which allows it”. This way, it is the true interior research, which must step a certain number of stages, in order to perhaps pass a day (it is not certain), from the terrestrial world to the spiritual world. The action to be taken in the life is regulated by four principles of which the friendship, serenity, compassion. The monks carry a wooden bowl which they hold at height, placing themselves consequently but but never being soliciting, neither protesting, nor thanking for the gifts they could get. Buddhism deviated very early (spiritual step of Buddha) from asceticism. One saw simply, with simple clothes.


Teaching Buddha (sandstone) Sometimes represented in front of a fig tree, tree of knowledge. Encycl. Larousse..

 



 

Representation of Buddha, Japan

hibis

 The Maya Queen, (*) deceased 6 days after the birth of Prince Siddhârta (VI century Before J.C, north of Benares). Siddharta was given an inspiration that get him out of his protective palate, so encountering the poverty, the illness and the dead.
After his long searching, he became the Sakyamuni Buddha, founder of Buddhism who is defined as a morals, a philisophy. Buddhism then diversified while extending (Korea, China, Japan, India..).
(*) As in the Christian religion, it would be an immaculate conception. Encyclop. Larousse.


 Borobudur, Java
hibis (1970)

Stupa of the top (nirvana) of the staged temple of Borobudur. Placed under openwork cupolas, rare are the Buddha which were not stolen.

Temple of Borobudur (Java, 9th century); 9 terraces (stupa) lead to the top stupa (nirvana). A square base and five gallery-promenades with walls covered by low-reliefs symbolize the terrestrial world, while the following three others, circular ones and decorated of 72 Bouddhas placed under openwork cupolas, bell shaped, represent the divine world. The stupa of the top contains the spirit of god. The pilgrimage makes reach the stages that any man will have to surmount until he his free, thus passing from the confused and disorganized terrestrial world, to the still and luminous world.
Under openwork cupolas. Most of original Buddhas have been stolen.


 
hibis

see also "multiples Gods, Inda" and "the lotus shaped temple"

Buddhism also for the Thais (and Indochineses, constrained by the French to the catholic religion). The Thais, like the Vietnameses, are originating essentially from the China of the south. In the fields of arts and religion, it is the Indian influence which dominates, inherited from the Khmers who had it already adopted. It is this mixture which gave this very particular architecture, sometimes a little messy.

Head of Suryavarman II, emperator khmer, founder d'Angkor Vat and sculpted with a Bouddha inspiration.


 

 


The roof Thai is particularly worked because it shelters the gods. One can be astonished by the simplicity, if not the deprivation that it shelters.  hibis

There, gold and richness is exploding. The Thais use ceramics only outside. Postal card.

Offering of thin little gold sheets, for the statues, adornments.. roofs...  hibis

In Burma, a country of innumerable temples-towers, buried Buddhas are still discovered; one of the last (90s) consists of 120 kgs of gold! in 2002, a series of small carved Buddhas was discovered. Since 2010, this county is the Myanmar (Union Republic of)


Multiple Gods (multitheism (or polytheism)

Religion Shintô (Japan) : Religion Shintô (Japan): with a backgroound animist (nature, animals, plants, elements), the religion is very tolerant and open (one déifie nearly all). At the origin, the ground was a drop of water and the "kami" of the space decided to solidify it by agitating a lance in there. Scum spouts out an island on which the man and the woman went down. From their union were born other islands, rocks and trees. Other kami then procreated the animals, plants etc.

Buddhism and Shintô influenced each other reciprocally instead of fighting. Even the Confucianism, introduced by a dynasty of Shogoun (military heads), was strongly tinted of Shintô.

Whether they are Greek, Romans, Egyptian, precolombian, Assyrian, Africana, Polynesian or prehistoric, Gods (belief, superstition) have a justification (rain, fertility) and reflect the complexity of the human life (beauty, love, war, dead.). Their lives quite as complex and restless, filled of love, resentment, revenge, punishment. The seasons, subject of concern (food), always have some specific Gods. Science, arts, the “cosmic” anguish (philosophical) on the cycle of the life, also exist. Each one treats them with its manner, but the background remains the same, since always, are they hints, texts or not. Don't forget the research of the eternal life, reincarnation or not.

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Pyramid of Chichen Iza, Yucatán, Mexico. This pyramid has been doubled by addition of stones coated onto and an interior stair (very steep and cramped) allow to reach the top. Four outside stairs, vertiginous, but a cable allow to take a grip. see "some more", middle of page" about sacrifices and astronomy. The construction is fully filled (rubble, earth, stones).


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Wonderful little temple of Philae (dedicated to), saved from the waters during the construction of the dam of Aswan. Athor. . Click to see the interior reproduced, such as it was in 1799, by the draughtsman of Napoleon

magazine
The grave of an important person (from the Village of Truth). Deir el-Medina, Egypt

Indouism.

828 million devotees in the world, mostly in India (majority in the south, the north being more Muslim). Hinduism is a polytheism. He perceives the world as multiple, at least at first glance, and accepts a very large number of deities (there are more than 36,000) , with adventures Mythological mythologies . This multiplicity is however organized around three great gods, Brahma (creation), Vishnu (life) and Shiva (destruction, death).
They correspond to the various forces and mysteries encountered in the nature and in ourselves.
Le Point, 1714 121, July 2005 (Jean-Claude Carrière): "Brahmanism" (of Brahma ) followed the invasions of the delta, then of the entire Indian peninsula by Muslims and Mughals. Note hibis: another source states that it is inspired by the Judaic religions by influence, during the passage of the nomadic tribe originally from Mesopotamia, led by Braham , set out for the promised land. Braham becomes Abraham for the Hebrews ". Brahmanism was in decline when Buddhism in the third century BC became a kind of official religion. Later, when Buddhism moved away from India, Brahmanism came back in force and became today's Hinduism. Sculptures even mark the event (lions slaying elephants).

The great diversity of all these principles, the many external influences and the & quot; permeability & quot; of the people to divinities of all kinds, does not facilitate its comprehension. The guiding principles, however, are preserved, such as the attainment of inner peace (divine?) And the respect of the rules defining society. An infinite variety of sects have been created, which does not seem to bother anyone here, where you can deify and celebrate just about anything.

Origins of the world (vedic mythology) - the religion draws its source in Veda, formatted of many myths of various and very old times. “at the beginning, there was only darkness and immense waters, on the surface of which meditated a formless Being”. after millions and millions years, it emitted the germ of a gold egg which floated on water during an incalculable time. Suddenly, it opened and appeared then sitted on the sacred lotus, the Brahmâ god with four heads and four arms, carrying the attributes..… In one three thousand six hundred years period, that is neraly nothing for him, it separated the ground of the seven “spheres” or luminous “sky” (planets of the solar system). The eighth terrestrial sky is lit by the sun which turns around in its carriage drawn by four red mares that a coachman without legs drive, and by the moon, carried in its crystal litter by three gazelles. Brahma separated then the Earth from the seven infernal areas where reign enormous snakes with ruby eyes ligting the darkness. As it is seen, complexity is big. Let us add for the continuation that three chamanes became gods, had creates water, wood, fire. One of them was Indra, the bull without Master.

The fruitfulness of imagination is quite as admirable for further episodes, such as the stop of the Gange in the hair of a god, the tortoise which supported the threatened world (one of the avatara of Shiva), the four pillars (rather widespread theory) or the churning of the milk sea in order to obtain an elixir intended to get the gods immortal, churning obtained by shaking a mountain, but which will produce only a poison against which it will also be necessary to fight again. Let us add that the gods mix sometimes with the alive beings, that they are not free from resentments, and that they inflict  themselves punishments.



Polynesia : see tribes "religion, beliefs" and culture, "marae"

  India divinities


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