architecture, arts and technics/ft0> frontages and houses - fountains, campaniles, sundials, wall paintngs.. - bildings, towers, other housing -
ancient constructions, art objects- religious edifices and religions
technics and materials, evolving - arts works, huge sizes
surprising, funny (or not) city and nature, street sign and placards, shops, trade, humans, animals, foods, vehicules, arts, things, habits and faith.
Science et Technics first things. numbers, percentages, slopes, angles - forces and composition - energy, mass, speed - liquids - pressure, temperature..
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Life just visible or too tiny, complex and créatie world - birth.. - atoms - univers - to wonder ?
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electricity batteries, lightings, electric current, (electro)magnetism, gigantism - électrostatic - dangers.. data technology..
Etruscan paintings; the first paintings appear on the VIIth B.C. J.C. A broad pigment pallet was known: the white
(lime), the black (coal), the blue (lapis lazuli), the yellow (ochre), the red (iron oxide), the green (copper oxide).
At the beginning, one used what was in vicinity and not expensive.
In the of Bordeaux region, the vine growers used the dregs of the wine to tint their walls.
In the Basque region, the coulour "red Basque" looking a bit maroon, would come from the blood of ox used to dye the wood of frontage..
For walls, it was always flime and sands which gave these irregular colors that one finds under the name in France of "murs anciens" (formerly walls).
Forgotten Colors. On antic constructions, they do not exist outside any longer.
Most often, everything was covered and can still be, paintings on paper, mosaics, gilding or painted, no surface was bare left !
It was the same for furniture, chairs and armchairs included.
Napoleon's artists left a large colletion of sketches and drawing, marvels of precision and finesse, testifying of the colors state at that time.
It was the time of discovery and slow excavation from the sand.
Their burial had preserved them for milennium, and the painting was still partially present.
All what exposed at elements and humans has disappear. I testify of that, watching the drawings et what I have seen (1980).
Note also the face of Athor, completely hammered : yes, the previous Pharaoh's symbols were broken and hammered without mercy.
Large stone floor are carved marvels put face down, not to mention surfaces we could touch at that time.
Would you had believed it ?
Forgotten colors
Nearly everything was painted !
Items have been published (mid 2002) to show partial illuminations giving colours to the cathedral of Amiens ; these projections would go back to 1999. Both Tourism and technology got the reality (*) triumphed ! Ceilings, beams, furnitures .. lot of sufaces had been so adorned with bright colours.
(*) Reality is they were paint, as for the colors, as I know, nobody reproduce cathedrals ! and there was very few left.. like Crete marvels on the base of a few cm ceramic bad color left !
On the left, Notre Dame de Paris virtually restored, according to the fragments of paint found. Alas, it has been lost a lot, with time and with cleaning.
It is likely that we reinvent them a bit much.
There are people who want Cathedral or monuments being cleaned - of Malraux controversial cleaniing in Paris, that was so ugly, and those who pretend that "dust gives relief". I agree with the
first ones, because constructions and sculptures were not delivered coated with filth !! and, in this field, I am a fervent of reality. In Italy, in the cemetery of Genoa, admirable statues were black
of filth. I diddn't like that at all! The reality would be cleaning could definitely damage them (if they are so frailty, they could crumble ??).
Now, we can clean more properly and discover under the filth unexpected colours.
If you dare it, you will perhaps find also colours (to be restored) under several coats of paint. I rediscovered an old clock
"comtoise", that means from Franche-Comté region, which hid its patterns and its colours under layers of varnish and gilded.
Also in Venice. Palaces of Venice, whose facades, now painted apart from some mosaics, were decorated by famous painters of the time, including Le Tintoret.
Rainbow.
Colors of the rainbow are purple indigo blue, green yellow orange and red. But it is a pure description aimed to define the bible number, seven, alike lot of things !,
World formation, human appearance, the week (French, semaine, Italian, settimana (sept = seven days jours).
The colors of the ceramists remain surprising if not secret. It is necessary to see he colors applied with the brush, and those turned out after cooking.
Insipid beige can becoming blue intense ! the result depends on the product, but especially of the temperature control. "Egyptian" blue remains single, but there are also greens "INCA" and many other colors or patinas which remain unequalled.
One make tests at the CNRS, of which here is a sample of
bluish colour obtained "in the furnace", or of the patina of.
the vase of Bagdad
Colors and significance.
The flags often use emblematic colors.
thewhite
(royalty - France -, purity, uprightness, dignity, freedom - Russia-Korea of north -, peace - Costa Rica -, unit - Côte.d'ivoire, revolution - Egypt -, snow,
freedom - Russia -, clouds -)
the blue (St Martin wraps - France, sky, sea, river, space, hope, love of peace - North Korea -, the Virgin - Russia).
the red (St Denis banner - France -, blood, revolution, bravery - Bolivia -, sacrifice, life - China especially -, people, Communism,
greenhouses and nozzle of the eagle - Germany -, sun, fire - Liechtenstein -, people - Namibia -, imperial dignity of tradition byzantine - Russia),
the green (hope, confidence in prosperity, nature, vegetation, meadows, agriculture, forest, Islam),
the black (past, the eagle - Germany - African people).
the yellow
(fields, harvest, corn, sand, sun, mineral richnesses, monarchy - Buddhist, hope, equality - Ethiopia).
the gold (fields), the orange (Buddhism, savanna). There are other interpretations such as the union of country or ethnos groups, the religion, the reminding of old princely or royal
flags etc.
Provence, Luberon.
Ochres of Roussillon were largely used formerly.hibis
The original colors of the south of France, could seem lively, compared to conventional greges, but were not aggressive.
Of natural origin, they are still sometimes those shades of ocher, orange-brown, green-almonds, blues and mauve, almost pale pink.
<Charm of old shaping with lime, with variations of natural hues. The paintings give a uniform hue, lifeless.hibis
Pilgrimage : Believers having carried out the pilgrimage in Mecca cover their dwelling with sharp colors signs and drawings, so reporting their adventure and their happiness ! (seen in Egypt, alas not shot).
Bayonne. Look at the windows, bottom right hand..
hibis
Norway, Stavanger . These colorful houses are famous..
Stavanger.
famous fishing harbourg white houses of Stavanger
hibis
Germany, North
A daring color for this former time (17/18th century), also in red,
green, . The lime colors faded too quickly under the rain., .
hibis
Colours perception
Colours are light radiations of different frequencies, emitted or reflected by a substance. Effects they get to ourselves are of course more poetic : joy, sadness, calm, excitation, happiness....
Three basic colors are enough to reproduce all the visible spectrium a PC or TV screen emits only green, blue and red, clearly been seen (magnifying glass)..
The three basic colors mixed together give white, which is erified by rotating a disc that includes them.
On the other hand, the black is not a color but a total absence of colors and let's say it, of light! not for a painter, of course, or a printer.
see also "decoration" effect of the bright or dark colors, apparent dimensions or
a room, reflections of a color on another, warm or cold, dull, brilliant).
floorings.
Let your eyes down ! Baissez aussi les yeux ! floorings can be remarkable. I saw some great ones, ignored by visitors.
Italian palaces in Venice (pictures), have some very refined.
Less refined but original, the tiles of a room of the palace of the Popes, Avignon (reported in the visit).
(from 1309 to 1418, with two Popes in final, with Rome !)
Total astonishment, isnt'it ?
These Zhangye mountains of China are very real and according to the magazine that revealed them, without any transformation. Most uncommon are the blue and green veins.
However, they have choosen the good day, all can vary strongly with the weather, hour, angle of view..
In France, Ochres of Roussillon show variations from almost white to red
India is particularly rich in color. hibis
André M.
Close to the visible, these same electromagnetic radiations become infrared for their lower frequencies (of longer wavelength), including those which have the property of heating us in the sun, and the ultraviolet (UV) for their higher frequencies (shorter wavelength).
We know them then for their effects on the skin and the sight.
The trend is to use very high frequency radiations, starting with short radio waves, up to microwave ovens and WI-FI bands, GSM cell phones, UMTS, 3G, 4G. (our mobile phones and mobile internet).
Towards the lowest frequencies are those emitted by an alternating electric current (50 periods / sec), or even special radio waves, and towards the highest, we reach the mysterious cosmic rays. X-rays are after UV..
How de we get colours ?
Feast grimage for this Papouan.
One could say that everything that stains, dyes! and almost everything stains .. grass, coffee, earth, fruits, berries .. & nbsp; Nature generously gives us the colors
with minerals, plants, fruits, animals (organic colors). Initially, we take what is there at hand, widespread and inexpensive when it comes to large quantities
For the white the chalk, the zinc oxide (one knows the white pomades
with zinc); for the the black, the lampblack, or soot. Let us quote (Larousse) iron oxides (ochres) of which laterites and compacted sands of Roussillon, the cobalt blue pigments, zinc oxide, yellow of chromium or cadmium, red minium of
lead , greens of zinc and chromium oxide, the purple ones of aluminium. For the animal world, the shell murex provided the crimson of the cardinals for a long
time, the cochineal the orange red (usually used in Mexico). The crushed plants, the nut etc, wood decoctions, also brought their colours.
Nowadays, the colors are very often obtained synthetically, the majority coming from the oil derivatives, aromatic carbides, such as benzene, the anthracene... Food colours: they are
imposed for all that is used with the food, including, according from a supplier, the varnish of a handle of knife !
There is a garden of plants dyers in Lauris (low Luberon). Take a map and park at best because you can be "wandering" without end before descending into a small garden at the foot of the heights of the city. It was closed. I do not know if it's worth it but it's original.
Depending on the media (absorption qualities, affinity with the dye), the colors must be "fixed". Painters used oils, vegetable or animal glues, white or egg yolk, anything that sticks. To each his secret. In Morocco, in the famous open dyeing plants, we still use pigeon droppings! it also holds well on car bodies ..
see also decoration (colors effects.. .
The colors of the ceramists remain surprising if not secret. It is necessary to see he colors applied with the brush, and those turned out after cooking.
Insipid beige can becoming blue intense ! the result depends on the product, but especially of the temperature control. "Egyptian" blue remains single, but there are also greens "INCA" and many other colors or patinas which remain unequalled.
One make tests at the CNRS, of which here is a sample of
bluish colour obtained "in the furnace", or of the patina of.
the vase of Bagdad
Total astonishment, isnt'it ?
How de we get colours ?
(from 1309 to 1418, with two Popes in final, with Rome !)
